List of space travellers by first flight
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Venn_diagram_space_travelers_orbit_shades7.png/220px-Venn_diagram_space_travelers_orbit_shades7.png)
This is a list of space travellers by first flight. The table is listed in chronological order from the date of first flight. The table adheres to a common definition of a space traveller; the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale criterion of achieving an altitude higher than 100 km (62 mi; 330,000 ft), thereby crossing the FAI-defined Kármán line. The criteria for determining who has achieved human spaceflight vary. Personnel who qualify only for the United States Astronaut Badge, awarded to those who achieve an altitude of 50 mi (80 km; 264,000 ft), are listed at the X-15's highest flights and the VSS Unity test flights.
Space travellers
[edit]Table parameters
[edit]Legend | |||
---|---|---|---|
Italics | Sub-orbital spaceflights that crossed 100 km (62 mi). | ||
◉ | After the name, denotes sub-orbital space travellers who have flown into orbit on a subsequent space flight. | ||
△ | After the name, denotes space travellers who have flown to the Moon without landing. | ||
▲ | After the name, denotes space travellers who have walked on the Moon. | ||
‡ | After the name, denotes those who died during their first spaceflight.[nb 1] | ||
† | After the name, denotes those who died during a subsequent spaceflight.[nb 1] | ||
⊗ | After the name, denotes those whose first spaceflight had begun and was clearly intended[nb 2] to cross 100 km (62 mi), but failed to do so. | ||
Linked country | In the 'Nationality' column, denotes the first from that country to pass 100 km (62 mi).[nb 3] | ||
Unlinked name | Subsequent table entry for a space traveller who made or attempted a previous spaceflight.[nb 4] |
All entries are dated from launch time in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), which on occasion is one day earlier than the local date of launches from sites in the Eastern Hemisphere such as Baikonur and one day later than the local date of launches from sites in the Western Hemisphere such as Cape Canaveral.
As a rule, dual nationals fly under a single flag when flying as professional spacecrew and/or when flying on government-operated spacecraft, and this is the flag they are listed under in the table. For the spaceflights of dual nationals who are private citizens flying on commercial spacecraft as ordinary passengers, the flags displayed are those of their countries of birth, unless the space traveller did not hold citizenship of that country and/or otherwise made clear (s)he intended to represent a different nationality.
Table
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gagarin_in_Sweden-2.jpg/175px-Gagarin_in_Sweden-2.jpg)
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![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Muhammed_Ahmed_Faris.jpg/175px-Muhammed_Ahmed_Faris.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Anatoly_Solovyev_portraitlike.jpeg/175px-Anatoly_Solovyev_portraitlike.jpeg)
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![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/William_Shepherd.jpg/175px-William_Shepherd.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Toyohiro-Akiyama-First-Japanese-Person-in-Space-1990.png/175px-Toyohiro-Akiyama-First-Japanese-Person-in-Space-1990.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Dr._Helen_Sharman.jpg/175px-Dr._Helen_Sharman.jpg)
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# | Name | Nationality | Date | Flight | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Yuri Gagarin | ![]() |
12 April 1961 | Vostok 1 | [1][2][nb 5][nb 6] |
2 | Alan Shepard ◉▲ | ![]() |
5 May 1961 | Freedom 7 | [5][6] |
3 | Virgil Grissom ◉ | ![]() |
21 July 1961 | Liberty Bell 7 | [7][8] |
4 | Gherman Titov | ![]() |
6 August 1961 | Vostok 2 | [9] |
5 | John Glenn | ![]() |
20 February 1962 | Friendship 7 | [10][11] |
6 | Scott Carpenter | ![]() |
24 May 1962 | Aurora 7 | [12] |
7 | Andriyan Nikolayev | ![]() |
11 August 1962 | Vostok 3 | [13][14] |
8 | Pavel Popovich | ![]() |
12 August 1962 | Vostok 4 | [13][15] |
9 | Walter Schirra | ![]() |
3 October 1962 | Sigma 7 | [16] |
10 | Gordon Cooper | ![]() |
15 May 1963 | Faith 7 | [17] |
11 | Valery Bykovsky | ![]() |
14 June 1963 | Vostok 5 | [18] |
12 | Valentina Tereshkova | ![]() |
16 June 1963 | Vostok 6 | [19] |
13 | Joseph Walker | ![]() |
19 July 1963 | X-15 Flight 90 | [20] |
14 | Konstantin Feoktistov | ![]() |
12 October 1964 | Voskhod 1 | [21] |
Vladimir Komarov † | ![]() |
[21][nb 7] | |||
Boris Yegorov | ![]() |
[21] | |||
17 | Pavel Belyayev | ![]() |
18 March 1965 | Voskhod 2 | [22] |
Alexei Leonov | ![]() | ||||
19 | John Young △▲ | ![]() |
23 March 1965 | Gemini 3 | [23] |
20 | James McDivitt | ![]() |
3 June 1965 | Gemini 4 | [24] |
Edward White | ![]() | ||||
22 | Pete Conrad ▲ | ![]() |
21 August 1965 | Gemini 5 | [25] |
23 | Frank Borman △ | ![]() |
4 December 1965 | Gemini 7 | [26] |
James Lovell △△ | ![]() | ||||
25 | Thomas Stafford △ | ![]() |
15 December 1965 | Gemini 6A | [27] |
26 | Neil Armstrong ▲ | ![]() |
16 March 1966 | Gemini 8 | [28] |
David Scott ▲ | ![]() | ||||
28 | Eugene Cernan △▲ | ![]() |
3 June 1966 | Gemini 9A | [29] |
29 | Michael Collins △ | ![]() |
18 July 1966 | Gemini 10 | [30] |
30 | Richard Gordon △ | ![]() |
12 September 1966 | Gemini 11 | [31] |
31 | Edwin Aldrin ▲ | ![]() |
11 November 1966 | Gemini 12 | [32] |
32 | Walter Cunningham | ![]() |
11 October 1968 | Apollo 7 | [33] |
Donn Eisele | ![]() | ||||
34 | Georgy Beregovoy | ![]() |
26 October 1968 | Soyuz 3 | [34] |
35 | William Anders △ | ![]() |
21 December 1968 | Apollo 8 | [35] |
36 | Vladimir Shatalov | ![]() |
14 January 1969 | Soyuz 4 | [36] |
37 | Yevgeny Khrunov | ![]() |
15 January 1969 | Soyuz 5 | [37] |
Boris Volynov | ![]() | ||||
Aleksei Yeliseyev | ![]() | ||||
40 | Russell Schweickart | ![]() |
3 March 1969 | Apollo 9 | [38] |
41 | Valeri Kubasov | ![]() |
11 October 1969 | Soyuz 6 | [39] |
Georgy Shonin | ![]() | ||||
43 | Anatoly Filipchenko | ![]() |
12 October 1969 | Soyuz 7 | [40] |
Viktor Gorbatko | ![]() | ||||
Vladislav Volkov † | ![]() |
[40][nb 8] | |||
46 | Alan Bean ▲ | ![]() |
14 November 1969 | Apollo 12 | [41] |
47 | Fred Haise △ | ![]() |
11 April 1970 | Apollo 13 | [42] |
Jack Swigert △ | ![]() | ||||
49 | Vitaly Sevastyanov | ![]() |
1 June 1970 | Soyuz 9 | [43] |
50 | Edgar Mitchell ▲ | ![]() |
31 January 1971 | Apollo 14 | [44] |
Stuart Roosa △ | ![]() | ||||
52 | Nikolay Rukavishnikov | ![]() |
22 April 1971 | Soyuz 10 | [45] |
53 | Georgy Dobrovolsky ‡ | ![]() |
6 June 1971 | Soyuz 11 | [46][nb 8] |
Viktor Patsayev ‡ | ![]() | ||||
55 | James Irwin ▲ | ![]() |
26 July 1971 | Apollo 15 | [47] |
Alfred Worden △ | ![]() | ||||
57 | Charles Duke ▲ | ![]() |
16 April 1972 | Apollo 16 | [48] |
Ken Mattingly △ | ![]() | ||||
59 | Ronald Evans △ | ![]() |
7 December 1972 | Apollo 17 | [49] |
Harrison Schmitt ▲ | ![]() | ||||
61 | Joseph Kerwin | ![]() |
25 May 1973 | Skylab 2 | [50] |
Paul Weitz | ![]() | ||||
63 | Owen Garriott | ![]() |
28 July 1973 | Skylab 3 | [51] |
Jack Lousma | ![]() | ||||
65 | Vasily Lazarev | ![]() |
27 September 1973 | Soyuz 12 | [52] |
Oleg Makarov | ![]() | ||||
67 | Gerald Carr | ![]() |
16 November 1973 | Skylab 4 | [53] |
Edward Gibson | ![]() | ||||
William Pogue | ![]() | ||||
70 | Pyotr Klimuk | ![]() |
18 December 1973 | Soyuz 13 | [54] |
Valentin Lebedev | ![]() | ||||
72 | Yury Artyukhin | ![]() |
3 July 1974 | Soyuz 14 | [55] |
73 | Lev Dyomin | ![]() |
26 August 1974 | Soyuz 15 | [56] |
Gennadi Sarafanov | ![]() | ||||
75 | Georgy Grechko | ![]() |
10 January 1975 | Soyuz 17 | [57] |
Aleksei Gubarev | ![]() | ||||
77 | Vance Brand | ![]() |
15 July 1975 | ASTP | [58] |
Donald Slayton | ![]() | ||||
79 | Vitaly Zholobov | ![]() |
6 July 1976 | Soyuz 21 | [59] |
80 | Vladimir Aksyonov | ![]() |
15 September 1976 | Soyuz 22 | [60] |
81 | Valery Rozhdestvensky | ![]() |
14 October 1976 | Soyuz 23 | [61] |
Vyacheslav Zudov | ![]() | ||||
83 | Yury Glazkov | ![]() |
7 February 1977 | Soyuz 24 | [62] |
84 | Vladimir Kovalyonok | ![]() |
9 October 1977 | Soyuz 25 | [63] |
Valery Ryumin | ![]() | ||||
86 | Yury Romanenko | ![]() |
10 December 1977 | Soyuz 26 | [64] |
87 | Vladimir Dzhanibekov | ![]() |
10 January 1978 | Soyuz 27 | [65] |
88 | Vladimír Remek | ![]() |
2 March 1978 | Soyuz 28 | [66] |
89 | Aleksandr Ivanchenkov | ![]() |
15 June 1978 | Soyuz 29 | [67] |
90 | Mirosław Hermaszewski | ![]() |
27 June 1978 | Soyuz 30 | [68] |
91 | Sigmund Jähn | ![]() |
26 August 1978 | Soyuz 31 | [69] |
92 | Vladimir Lyakhov | ![]() |
25 February 1979 | Soyuz 32 | [70] |
93 | Georgi Ivanov | ![]() |
10 April 1979 | Soyuz 33 | [71] |
94 | Leonid Popov | ![]() |
9 April 1980 | Soyuz 35 | [72] |
95 | Bertalan Farkas | ![]() |
26 May 1980 | Soyuz 36 | [73] |
96 | Yury Malyshev | ![]() |
5 June 1980 | Soyuz T-2 | [74] |
97 | Phạm Tuân | ![]() |
23 July 1980 | Soyuz 37 | [75] |
98 | Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez | ![]() |
18 September 1980 | Soyuz 38 | [76] |
99 | Leonid Kizim | ![]() |
27 November 1980 | Soyuz T-3 | [77] |
Gennadi Strekalov | ![]() | ||||
101 | Viktor Savinykh | ![]() |
12 March 1981 | Soyuz T-4 | [78] |
102 | Jügderdemidiin Gürragchaa | ![]() |
22 March 1981 | Soyuz 39 | [79] |
103 | Robert Crippen | ![]() |
12 April 1981 | STS-1 | [80][81] |
104 | Dumitru Prunariu | ![]() |
14 May 1981 | Soyuz 40 | [82] |
105 | Joseph Engle | ![]() |
12 November 1981 | STS-2 | [83] |
Richard Truly | ![]() | ||||
107 | Charles Fullerton | ![]() |
22 March 1982 | STS-3 | [84] |
108 | Anatoly Berezovoy | ![]() |
13 May 1982 | Soyuz T-5 | [85] |
109 | Jean-Loup Chrétien | ![]() |
24 June 1982 | Soyuz T-6 | [86] |
110 | Henry Hartsfield | ![]() |
27 June 1982 | STS-4 | [87] |
111 | Svetlana Savitskaya | ![]() |
19 August 1982 | Soyuz T-7 | [88] |
Aleksandr Serebrov | ![]() | ||||
113 | Joseph Allen | ![]() |
11 November 1982 | STS-5 | [89] |
William Lenoir | ![]() | ||||
Robert Overmyer | ![]() | ||||
116 | Karol Bobko | ![]() |
4 April 1983 | STS-6 | [90] |
Story Musgrave | ![]() | ||||
Donald Peterson | ![]() | ||||
119 | Vladimir Titov | ![]() |
20 April 1983 | Soyuz T-8 | [91] |
120 | John Fabian | ![]() |
18 June 1983 | STS-7 | [92] |
Frederick Hauck | ![]() | ||||
Sally Ride | ![]() | ||||
Norman Thagard | ![]() | ||||
124 | Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov | ![]() |
27 June 1983 | Soyuz T-9 | [93] |
125 | Guion Bluford | ![]() |
30 August 1983 | STS-8 | [94] |
Daniel Brandenstein | ![]() | ||||
Dale Gardner | ![]() | ||||
William Thornton | ![]() | ||||
129 | Byron Lichtenberg | ![]() |
28 November 1983 | STS-9 | [95] |
Robert Parker | ![]() | ||||
Brewster Shaw | ![]() | ||||
Ulf Merbold | ![]() | ||||
133 | Robert Gibson | ![]() |
3 February 1984 | STS-41-B | [96] |
Bruce McCandless | ![]() |
[96] | |||
Ronald McNair † | ![]() |
[96][nb 9] | |||
Robert Stewart | ![]() |
[96] | |||
137 | Oleg Atkov | ![]() |
8 February 1984 | Soyuz T-10 | [97] |
Vladimir Solovyov | ![]() | ||||
139 | Rakesh Sharma | ![]() |
3 April 1984 | Soyuz T-11 | [98] |
140 | Terry Hart | ![]() |
6 April 1984 | STS-41-C | [99] |
George Nelson | ![]() |
[99] | |||
Francis Scobee † | ![]() |
[99][nb 9] | |||
James van Hoften | ![]() |
[99] | |||
144 | Igor Volk | ![]() |
17 July 1984 | Soyuz T-12 | [100] |
145 | Michael Coats | ![]() |
30 August 1984 | STS-41-D | [101] |
Steven Hawley | ![]() |
[101] | |||
Richard Mullane | ![]() |
[101] | |||
Judith Resnik † | ![]() |
[101][nb 9] | |||
Charles Walker | ![]() |
[101] | |||
150 | Marc Garneau | ![]() |
5 October 1984 | STS-41-G | [102] |
David Leestma | ![]() | ||||
Jon McBride | ![]() | ||||
Paul Scully-Power | ![]() | ||||
Kathryn Sullivan | ![]() | ||||
155 | Anna Fisher | ![]() |
8 November 1984 | STS-51-A | [103] |
David Walker | ![]() | ||||
157 | James Buchli | ![]() |
24 January 1985 | STS-51-C | [104] |
Ellison Onizuka † | ![]() |
[104][nb 9] | |||
Gary Payton | ![]() |
[104] | |||
Loren Shriver | ![]() |
[104] | |||
161 | Edwin Garn | ![]() |
12 April 1985 | STS-51-D | [105] |
Stanley Griggs | ![]() | ||||
Jeffrey Hoffman | ![]() | ||||
Margaret Seddon | ![]() | ||||
Donald Williams | ![]() | ||||
166 | Frederick Gregory | ![]() |
29 April 1985 | STS-51-B | [106] |
Don Lind | ![]() |
[106] | |||
Lodewijk van den Berg | ![]() |
[106][nb 10] | |||
Taylor Wang | ![]() |
[106] | |||
170 | Sultan Al-Saud | ![]() |
17 June 1985 | STS-51-G | [107] |
Patrick Baudry | ![]() | ||||
John Creighton | ![]() | ||||
Shannon Lucid | ![]() | ||||
Steven Nagel | ![]() | ||||
175 | Loren Acton | ![]() |
29 July 1985 | STS-51-F | [108] |
John Bartoe | ![]() | ||||
Roy Bridges | ![]() | ||||
Anthony England | ![]() | ||||
Karl Henize | ![]() | ||||
180 | Richard Covey | ![]() |
27 August 1985 | STS-51-I | [109] |
William Fisher | ![]() | ||||
John Lounge | ![]() | ||||
183 | Vladimir Vasyutin | ![]() |
17 September 1985 | Soyuz T-14 | [110] |
Aleksandr Volkov | ![]() | ||||
185 | Ronald Grabe | ![]() |
3 October 1985 | STS-51-J | [111] |
David Hilmers | ![]() | ||||
William Pailes | ![]() | ||||
188 | Bonnie Dunbar | ![]() |
30 October 1985 | STS-61-A | [112] |
Reinhard Furrer | ![]() | ||||
Ernst Messerschmid | ![]() | ||||
Wubbo Ockels | ![]() | ||||
192 | Mary Cleave | ![]() |
27 November 1985 | STS-61-B | [113] |
Rodolfo Neri Vela | ![]() | ||||
Bryan O'Connor | ![]() | ||||
Jerry Ross | ![]() | ||||
Sherwood Spring | ![]() | ||||
197 | Charles Bolden | ![]() |
12 January 1986 | STS-61-C | [114] |
Robert Cenker | ![]() |
[114] | |||
Franklin Chang Díaz | ![]() |
[114][nb 11] | |||
Clarence "Bill" Nelson | ![]() |
[114] | |||
— | Michael J. Smith ‡ ⊗ | ![]() |
28 January 1986 | STS-51-L | [115][nb 9] |
Gregory Jarvis ‡ ⊗ | ![]() |
[116][nb 9] | |||
Christa McAuliffe ‡ ⊗ | ![]() |
[117][nb 9] | |||
201 | Aleksandr Laveykin | ![]() |
5 February 1987 | Soyuz TM-2 | [118] |
202 | Muhammed Faris | ![]() |
22 July 1987 | Soyuz TM-3 | [119] |
Aleksandr Viktorenko | ![]() | ||||
204 | Anatoly Levchenko | ![]() |
21 December 1987 | Soyuz TM-4 | [120] |
Musa Manarov | ![]() | ||||
206 | Aleksandr Panayotov Aleksandrov | ![]() |
7 June 1988 | Soyuz TM-5 | [121] |
Anatoly Solovyev | ![]() | ||||
208 | Abdul Mohmand | ![]() |
29 August 1988 | Soyuz TM-6 | [122] |
Valeri Polyakov | ![]() | ||||
210 | Sergei Krikalev | ![]() |
26 November 1988 | Soyuz TM-7 | [123] |
211 | Guy Gardner | ![]() |
2 December 1988 | STS-27 | [124] |
William Shepherd | ![]() | ||||
213 | James Bagian | ![]() |
13 March 1989 | STS-29 | [125] |
John Blaha | ![]() | ||||
Robert Springer | ![]() | ||||
216 | Mark Lee | ![]() |
4 May 1989 | STS-30 | [126] |
217 | James Adamson | ![]() |
8 August 1989 | STS-28 | [127] |
Mark Brown | ![]() | ||||
Richard Richards | ![]() | ||||
220 | Ellen Baker | ![]() |
18 October 1989 | STS-34 | [128] |
Michael McCulley | ![]() | ||||
222 | Manley Carter | ![]() |
23 November 1989 | STS-33 | [129] |
Kathryn Thornton | ![]() | ||||
224 | Marsha Ivins | ![]() |
9 January 1990 | STS-32 | [130] |
George Low | ![]() | ||||
James Wetherbee | ![]() | ||||
227 | Aleksandr Balandin | ![]() |
11 February 1990 | Soyuz TM-9 | [131] |
228 | John Casper | ![]() |
28 February 1990 | STS-36 | [132] |
Pierre Thuot | ![]() | ||||
230 | Gennadi Manakov | ![]() |
1 August 1990 | Soyuz TM-10 | [133] |
231 | Thomas Akers | ![]() |
6 October 1990 | STS-41 | [134] |
Robert Cabana | ![]() | ||||
Bruce Melnick | ![]() | ||||
234 | Frank Culbertson | ![]() |
15 November 1990 | STS-38 | [135] |
Charles Gemar | ![]() | ||||
Carl Meade | ![]() | ||||
237 | Samuel Durrance | ![]() |
2 December 1990 | STS-35 | [136] |
Ronald Parise | ![]() | ||||
239 | Viktor Afanasyev | ![]() |
2 December 1990 | Soyuz TM-11 | [137] |
Toyohiro Akiyama | ![]() | ||||
241 | Jerome Apt | ![]() |
5 April 1991 | STS-37 | [138] |
Kenneth Cameron | ![]() | ||||
Linda Godwin | ![]() | ||||
244 | Lloyd Hammond | ![]() |
28 April 1991 | STS-39 | [139] |
Gregory Harbaugh | ![]() | ||||
Richard Hieb | ![]() | ||||
Donald McMonagle | ![]() | ||||
Charles Veach | ![]() | ||||
249 | Anatoly Artsebarsky | ![]() |
18 May 1991 | Soyuz TM-12 | [140] |
Helen Sharman | ![]() | ||||
251 | Francis Gaffney | ![]() |
5 June 1991 | STS-40 | [141] |
Sidney Gutierrez | ![]() | ||||
Millie Hughes-Fulford | ![]() | ||||
Tamara Jernigan | ![]() | ||||
255 | Michael Baker | ![]() |
2 August 1991 | STS-43 | [142] |
256 | Kenneth Reightler | ![]() |
12 September 1991 | STS-48 | [143] |
257 | Toktar Aubakirov | ![]() |
2 October 1991 | Soyuz TM-13 | [144][nb 12] |
Franz Viehböck | ![]() |
[144] | |||
259 | Thomas Hennen | ![]() |
24 November 1991 | STS-44 | [145] |
Terence Henricks | ![]() | ||||
Mario Runco | ![]() | ||||
James Voss | ![]() | ||||
263 | Roberta Bondar | ![]() |
22 January 1992 | STS-42 | [146] |
Stephen Oswald | ![]() | ||||
William Readdy | ![]() | ||||
266 | Klaus-Dietrich Flade | ![]() |
17 March 1992 | Soyuz TM-14 | [147] |
Aleksandr Kaleri | ![]() | ||||
268 | Brian Duffy | ![]() |
24 March 1992 | STS-45 | [148] |
Michael Foale | ![]() |
[148][nb 13] | |||
Dirk Frimout | ![]() |
[148] | |||
271 | Kevin Chilton | ![]() |
7 May 1992 | STS-49 | [148] |
272 | Kenneth Bowersox | ![]() |
25 June 1992 | STS-50 | [149] |
Lawrence DeLucas | ![]() | ||||
Eugene Trinh | ![]() | ||||
275 | Sergei Avdeyev | ![]() |
27 July 1992 | Soyuz TM-15 | [150] |
Michel Tognini | ![]() | ||||
277 | Andrew Allen | ![]() |
31 July 1992 | STS-46 | [151] |
Franco Malerba | ![]() | ||||
Claude Nicollier | ![]() | ||||
280 | Curtis Brown | ![]() |
12 September 1992 | STS-47 | [152] |
Nancy Davis | ![]() | ||||
Mae Jemison | ![]() | ||||
Mamoru Mohri | ![]() | ||||
284 | Steven MacLean | ![]() |
22 October 1992 | STS-52 | [153] |
285 | Michael Clifford | ![]() |
2 December 1992 | STS-53 | [154] |
286 | Susan Helms | ![]() |
13 January 1993 | STS-54 | [155] |
287 | Aleksandr Poleshchuk | ![]() |
24 January 1993 | Soyuz TM-16 | [156] |
288 | Kenneth Cockrell | ![]() |
8 April 1993 | STS-56 | [157] |
Ellen Ochoa | ![]() | ||||
290 | Bernard Harris | ![]() |
26 April 1993 | STS-55 | [158] |
Charles Precourt | ![]() | ||||
Hans Schlegel | ![]() | ||||
Ulrich Walter | ![]() | ||||
294 | Nancy Currie | ![]() |
21 June 1993 | STS-57 | [159] |
Janice Voss | ![]() | ||||
Peter Wisoff | ![]() | ||||
297 | Jean-Pierre Haigneré | ![]() |
1 July 1993 | Soyuz TM-17 | [160] |
Vasily Tsibliyev | ![]() | ||||
299 | Daniel Bursch | ![]() |
12 September 1993 | STS-51 | [161] |
James Newman | ![]() | ||||
Carl Walz | ![]() | ||||
302 | Martin Fettman | ![]() |
18 October 1993 | STS-58 | [162] |
William McArthur | ![]() | ||||
Richard Searfoss | ![]() | ||||
David Wolf | ![]() | ||||
306 | Yury Usachov | ![]() |
8 January 1994 | Soyuz TM-18 | [163] |
307 | Ronald Sega | ![]() |
3 February 1994 | STS-60 | [164] |
308 | Thomas Jones | ![]() |
9 April 1994 | STS-59 | [165] |
309 | Yuri Malenchenko | ![]() |
1 July 1994 | Soyuz TM-19 | [166] |
Talgat Musabayev | ![]() | ||||
311 | Leroy Chiao | ![]() |
8 July 1994 | STS-65 | [167] |
James Halsell | ![]() | ||||
Chiaki Mukai | ![]() | ||||
Donald Thomas | ![]() | ||||
315 | Jerry Linenger | ![]() |
9 September 1994 | STS-64 | [168] |
316 | Stephen Smith | ![]() |
30 September 1994 | STS-68 | [169] |
Terrence Wilcutt | ![]() | ||||
318 | Yelena Kondakova | ![]() |
3 October 1994 | Soyuz TM-20 | [170] |
319 | Jean-François Clervoy | ![]() |
3 November 1994 | STS-66 | [171] |
Scott Parazynski | ![]() | ||||
Joseph Tanner | ![]() | ||||
322 | Eileen Collins | ![]() |
3 February 1995 | STS-63 | [172] |
323 | William Gregory | ![]() |
2 March 1995 | STS-67 | [173] |
John Grunsfeld | ![]() | ||||
Wendy Lawrence | ![]() | ||||
326 | Vladimir Dezhurov | ![]() |
14 March 1995 | Soyuz TM-21 | [174] |
327 | Nikolai Budarin | ![]() |
27 June 1995 | STS-71 | [175] |
328 | Kevin Kregel | ![]() |
13 July 1995 | STS-70 | [176] |
Mary Weber | ![]() | ||||
330 | Yuri Gidzenko | ![]() |
3 September 1995 | Soyuz TM-22 | [177] |
Thomas Reiter | ![]() | ||||
332 | Michael Gernhardt | ![]() |
7 September 1995 | STS-69 | [178] |
333 | Catherine Coleman | ![]() |
20 October 1995 | STS-73 | [179] |
Frederick Leslie | ![]() | ||||
Michael López-Alegría | ![]() | ||||
Kent Rominger | ![]() | ||||
Albert Sacco | ![]() | ||||
338 | Chris Hadfield | ![]() |
12 November 1995 | STS-74 | [180] |
339 | Daniel Barry | ![]() |
11 January 1996 | STS-72 | [181] |
Brent Jett | ![]() | ||||
Winston Scott | ![]() | ||||
Koichi Wakata | ![]() | ||||
343 | Yury Onufriyenko | ![]() |
21 February 1996 | Soyuz TM-23 | [182] |
344 | Maurizio Cheli | ![]() |
22 February 1996 | STS-75 | [183] |
Umberto Guidoni | ![]() | ||||
Scott Horowitz | ![]() | ||||
347 | Andrew Thomas | ![]() |
19 May 1996 | STS-77 | [184] |
348 | Charles Brady | ![]() |
20 June 1996 | STS-78 | [185] |
Jean-Jacques Favier | ![]() | ||||
Richard Linnehan | ![]() | ||||
Robert Thirsk | ![]() | ||||
352 | Claudie Haigneré | ![]() |
17 August 1996 | Soyuz TM-24 | [186] |
Valery Korzun | ![]() | ||||
354 | Reinhold Ewald | ![]() |
10 February 1997 | Soyuz TM-25 | [187] |
Aleksandr Lazutkin | ![]() | ||||
356 | Roger Crouch | ![]() |
4 April 1997 | STS-83 | [188] |
Gregory Linteris | ![]() | ||||
Susan Kilrain | ![]() | ||||
359 | Edward Lu | ![]() |
15 May 1997 | STS-84 | [189] |
Carlos Noriega | ![]() | ||||
361 | Pavel Vinogradov | ![]() |
5 August 1997 | Soyuz TM-26 | [190] |
362 | Robert Curbeam | ![]() |
7 August 1997 | STS-85 | [191] |
Stephen Robinson | ![]() | ||||
Bjarni Tryggvason | ![]() | ||||
365 | Michael Bloomfield | ![]() |
26 September 1997 | STS-86 | [192] |
366 | Kalpana Chawla † | ![]() |
19 November 1997 | STS-87 | [193][nb 14] |
Takao Doi | ![]() |
[193] | |||
Leonid Kadeniuk | ![]() | ||||
Steven Lindsey | ![]() | ||||
370 | Michael Anderson † | ![]() |
23 January 1998 | STS-89 | [194][nb 14] |
Joe Edwards | ![]() |
[194] | |||
James Reilly | ![]() | ||||
Salizhan Sharipov | ![]() | ||||
374 | Léopold Eyharts | ![]() |
29 January 1998 | Soyuz TM-27 | [195] |
375 | Scott Altman | ![]() |
17 April 1998 | STS-90 | [196] |
Jay Buckey | ![]() | ||||
Kathryn Hire | ![]() | ||||
James Pawelczyk | ![]() | ||||
Dafydd Williams | ![]() | ||||
380 | Dominic Gorie | ![]() |
2 June 1998 | STS-91 | [197] |
Janet Kavandi | ![]() | ||||
382 | Yuri Baturin | ![]() |
13 August 1998 | Soyuz TM-28 | [198] |
Gennady Padalka | ![]() | ||||
384 | Pedro Duque | ![]() |
29 October 1998 | STS-95 | [199] |
385 | Frederick Sturckow | ![]() |
4 December 1998 | STS-88 | [200] |
386 | Ivan Bella | ![]() |
20 February 1999 | Soyuz TM-29 | [201] |
387 | Rick Husband † | ![]() |
27 May 1999 | STS-96 | [202][nb 14] |
Julie Payette | ![]() |
[202] | |||
Valeri Tokarev | ![]() | ||||
390 | Jeffrey Ashby | ![]() |
23 July 1999 | STS-93 | [203] |
391 | Scott Kelly | ![]() |
20 December 1999 | STS-103 | [204] |
392 | Gerhard Thiele | ![]() |
11 February 2000 | STS-99 | [205] |
393 | Sergei Zalyotin | ![]() |
4 April 2000 | Soyuz TM-30 | [206] |
394 | Jeffrey Williams | ![]() |
19 May 2000 | STS-101 | [207] |
395 | Daniel Burbank | ![]() |
8 September 2000 | STS-106 | [208] |
Richard Mastracchio | ![]() | ||||
Boris Morukov | ![]() | ||||
398 | Pamela Melroy | ![]() |
11 October 2000 | STS-92 | [209] |
399 | Mark Polansky | ![]() |
7 February 2001 | STS-98 | [210] |
400 | James Kelly | ![]() |
8 March 2001 | STS-102 | [211] |
Paul Richards | ![]() | ||||
402 | Yury Lonchakov | ![]() |
19 April 2001 | STS-100 | [212][213] |
John Phillips | ![]() |
[213][214] | |||
404 | Dennis Tito | ![]() |
28 April 2001 | Soyuz TM-32 | [215] |
405 | Charles Hobaugh | ![]() |
12 July 2001 | STS-104 | [216] |
406 | Patrick Forrester | ![]() |
10 August 2001 | STS-105 | [217] |
Mikhail Tyurin | ![]() | ||||
408 | Konstantin Kozeyev | ![]() |
21 October 2001 | Soyuz TM-33 | [218] |
409 | Mark Kelly | ![]() |
5 December 2001 | STS-108 | [219] |
Daniel Tani | ![]() | ||||
411 | Duane Carey | ![]() |
1 March 2002 | STS-109 | [220] |
Michael Massimino | ![]() | ||||
413 | Stephen Frick | ![]() |
8 April 2002 | STS-110 | [221] |
Lee Morin | ![]() | ||||
Rex Walheim | ![]() | ||||
416 | Mark Shuttleworth | ![]() |
25 April 2002 | Soyuz TM-34 | [222] |
Roberto Vittori | ![]() | ||||
418 | Paul Lockhart | ![]() |
5 June 2002 | STS-111 | [223] |
Philippe Perrin | ![]() | ||||
Sergei Treshchov | ![]() | ||||
Peggy Whitson | ![]() | ||||
422 | Sandra Magnus | ![]() |
7 October 2002 | STS-112 | [224] |
Piers Sellers | ![]() |
[224][nb 15] | |||
Fyodor Yurchikhin | ![]() |
[224] | |||
425 | Frank De Winne | ![]() |
30 October 2002 | Soyuz TMA-1 | [225] |
426 | John Herrington | ![]() |
24 November 2002 | STS-113 | [226] |
Donald Pettit | ![]() | ||||
428 | David Brown ‡ | ![]() |
16 January 2003 | STS-107 | [226][nb 14] |
Laurel Clark ‡ | ![]() | ||||
William McCool ‡ | ![]() | ||||
Ilan Ramon ‡ | ![]() | ||||
432 | Yang Liwei | ![]() |
15 October 2003 | Shenzhou 5 | [227] |
433 | Edward Fincke | ![]() |
19 April 2004 | Soyuz TMA-4 | [228] |
André Kuipers | ![]() | ||||
435 | Michael Melvill | ![]() |
21 June 2004 | SpaceShipOne 15P | [229][230][231] |
436 | Brian Binnie | ![]() |
4 October 2004 | SpaceShipOne 17P | [231][232][233] |
437 | Yuri Shargin | ![]() |
14 October 2004 | Soyuz TMA-5 | [234] |
438 | Charles Camarda | ![]() |
26 July 2005 | STS-114 | [235] |
Soichi Noguchi | ![]() | ||||
440 | Gregory Olsen | ![]() |
1 October 2005 | Soyuz TMA-7 | [236] |
441 | Fei Junlong | ![]() |
12 October 2005 | Shenzhou 6 | [237] |
Nie Haisheng | ![]() | ||||
443 | Marcos Pontes | ![]() |
30 March 2006 | Soyuz TMA-8 | [238] |
444 | Michael Fossum | ![]() |
4 July 2006 | STS-121 | [239] |
Lisa Nowak | ![]() | ||||
Stephanie Wilson | ![]() | ||||
447 | Christopher Ferguson | ![]() |
9 September 2006 | STS-115 | [240] |
Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper | ![]() | ||||
449 | Anousheh Ansari | ![]() |
18 September 2006 | Soyuz TMA-9 | [241][nb 16] |
450 | Christer Fuglesang | ![]() |
10 December 2006 | STS-116 | [242] |
Joan Higginbotham | ![]() |
[242] | |||
William Oefelein | ![]() |
[242] | |||
Nicholas Patrick | ![]() |
[242][nb 17] | |||
Sunita Williams | ![]() |
[242] | |||
455 | Oleg Kotov | ![]() |
7 April 2007 | Soyuz TMA-10 | [243] |
Charles Simonyi | ![]() | ||||
457 | Clayton Anderson | ![]() |
8 June 2007 | STS-117 | [244] |
Lee Archambault | ![]() | ||||
John Olivas | ![]() | ||||
Steven Swanson | ![]() | ||||
461 | Tracy Caldwell Dyson | ![]() |
8 August 2007 | STS-118 | [245] |
Benjamin Drew | ![]() | ||||
Barbara Morgan | ![]() | ||||
464 | Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor | ![]() |
10 October 2007 | Soyuz TMA-11 | [246] |
465 | Paolo Nespoli | ![]() |
23 October 2007 | STS-120 | [247] |
Douglas Wheelock | ![]() | ||||
George Zamka | ![]() | ||||
468 | Stanley Love | ![]() |
7 February 2008 | STS-122 | [248] |
Leland Melvin | ![]() | ||||
Alan Poindexter | ![]() | ||||
471 | Robert Behnken | ![]() |
11 March 2008 | STS-123 | [249] |
Michael Foreman | ![]() | ||||
Gregory H. Johnson | ![]() | ||||
Garrett Reisman | ![]() | ||||
475 | Oleg Kononenko | ![]() |
8 April 2008 | Soyuz TMA-12 | [250] |
Sergey Volkov | ![]() | ||||
Yi So-Yeon | ![]() | ||||
478 | Gregory Chamitoff | ![]() |
31 May 2008 | STS-124 | [251] |
Ronald Garan | ![]() | ||||
Kenneth Ham | ![]() | ||||
Akihiko Hoshide | ![]() | ||||
Karen Nyberg | ![]() | ||||
483 | Jing Haipeng | ![]() |
25 September 2008 | Shenzhou 7 | [252] |
Liu Boming | ![]() | ||||
Zhai Zhigang | ![]() | ||||
486 | Richard Garriott | ![]() |
12 October 2008 | Soyuz TMA-13 | [253] |
487 | Eric Boe | ![]() |
15 November 2008 | STS-126 | [254] |
Stephen Bowen | ![]() | ||||
Robert Kimbrough | ![]() | ||||
490 | Joseph Acaba | ![]() |
15 March 2009 | STS-119 | [255] |
Dominic Antonelli | ![]() | ||||
Richard Arnold | ![]() | ||||
493 | Michael Barratt | ![]() |
26 March 2009 | Soyuz TMA-14 | [256] |
494 | Andrew Feustel | ![]() |
11 May 2009 | STS-125 | [257] |
Michael Good | ![]() | ||||
Gregory C. Johnson | ![]() | ||||
Megan McArthur | ![]() | ||||
498 | Roman Romanenko | ![]() |
27 May 2009 | Soyuz TMA-15 | [258] |
499 | Christopher Cassidy | ![]() |
15 July 2009 | STS-127 | [259] |
Douglas Hurley | ![]() | ||||
Timothy Kopra | ![]() | ||||
Thomas Marshburn | ![]() | ||||
503 | Kevin Ford | ![]() |
29 August 2009 | STS-128 | [260] |
José M. Hernández | ![]() | ||||
Nicole Stott | ![]() | ||||
506 | Guy Laliberté | ![]() |
30 September 2009 | Soyuz TMA-16 | [261] |
Maksim Surayev | ![]() | ||||
508 | Randolph Bresnik | ![]() |
12 November 2009 | STS-129 | [262] |
Robert Satcher | ![]() | ||||
Barry Wilmore | ![]() | ||||
511 | Timothy Creamer | ![]() |
20 December 2009 | Soyuz TMA-17 | [263] |
512 | Terry Virts | ![]() |
8 February 2010 | STS-130 | [264] |
513 | Mikhail Korniyenko | ![]() |
2 April 2010 | Soyuz TMA-18 | [265] |
Aleksandr Skvortsov | ![]() | ||||
515 | James Dutton | ![]() |
5 April 2010 | STS-131 | [266] |
Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger | ![]() | ||||
Naoko Yamazaki | ![]() | ||||
518 | Shannon Walker | ![]() |
15 June 2010 | Soyuz TMA-19 | [267] |
519 | Oleg Skripochka | ![]() |
7 October 2010 | Soyuz TMA-01M | [268] |
520 | Dmitri Kondratyev | ![]() |
15 December 2010 | Soyuz TMA-20 | [269] |
521 | Andrei Borisenko | ![]() |
4 April 2011 | Soyuz TMA-21 | [270] |
Aleksandr Samokutyayev | ![]() | ||||
523 | Satoshi Furukawa | ![]() |
7 June 2011 | Soyuz TMA-02M | [271] |
524 | Anatoli Ivanishin | ![]() |
14 November 2011 | Soyuz TMA-22 | [272] |
Anton Shkaplerov | ![]() | ||||
526 | Sergei Revin | ![]() |
15 May 2012 | Soyuz TMA-04M | [273] |
527 | Liu Wang | ![]() |
16 June 2012 | Shenzhou 9 | [274] |
Liu Yang | ![]() | ||||
529 | Oleg Novitskiy | ![]() |
23 October 2012 | Soyuz TMA-06M | [275] |
Evgeny Tarelkin | ![]() | ||||
531 | Alexander Misurkin | ![]() |
28 March 2013 | Soyuz TMA-08M | [276] |
532 | Luca Parmitano | ![]() |
28 May 2013 | Soyuz TMA-09M | [277] |
533 | Zhang Xiaoguang | ![]() |
11 June 2013 | Shenzhou 10 | [278] |
Wang Yaping | ![]() | ||||
535 | Michael Hopkins | ![]() |
25 September 2013 | Soyuz TMA-10M | [279] |
Sergey Ryazansky | ![]() | ||||
537 | Oleg Artemyev | ![]() |
25 March 2014 | Soyuz TMA-12M | [280] |
538 | Reid Wiseman | ![]() |
28 May 2014 | Soyuz TMA-13M | [281] |
Alexander Gerst | ![]() | ||||
540 | Yelena Serova | ![]() |
25 September 2014 | Soyuz TMA-14M | [282] |
541 | Samantha Cristoforetti | ![]() |
23 November 2014 | Soyuz TMA-15M | [283] |
542 | Kimiya Yui | ![]() |
22 July 2015 | Soyuz TMA-17M | [284] |
Kjell N. Lindgren | ![]() | ||||
544 | Andreas Mogensen | ![]() |
2 September 2015 | Soyuz TMA-18M | [285] |
Aidyn Aimbetov | ![]() |
[285][nb 12] | |||
546 | Tim Peake | ![]() |
15 December 2015 | Soyuz TMA-19M | [286][287] |
547 | Aleksey Ovchinin | ![]() |
18 March 2016 | Soyuz TMA-20M | [288] |
548 | Takuya Onishi | ![]() |
7 July 2016 | Soyuz MS-01 | [289] |
Kathleen Rubins | ![]() | ||||
550 | Chen Dong | ![]() |
17 October 2016 | Shenzhou 11 | [290] |
551 | Sergey Nikolayevich Ryzhikov | ![]() |
19 October 2016 | Soyuz MS-02 | [291] |
552 | Thomas Pesquet | ![]() |
17 November 2016 | Soyuz MS-03 | [292] |
553 | Jack Fischer | ![]() |
20 April 2017 | Soyuz MS-04 | [293] |
554 | Mark Vande Hei | ![]() |
12 September 2017 | Soyuz MS-06 | [294] |
555 | Norishige Kanai | ![]() |
17 December 2017 | Soyuz MS-07 | [295][296] |
Scott D. Tingle | ![]() | ||||
557 | Sergey Prokopyev | ![]() |
6 June 2018 | Soyuz MS-09 | [297][298] |
Serena Auñón-Chancellor | ![]() | ||||
— | Nick Hague ⊗ | ![]() |
11 October 2018 | Soyuz MS-10 | [299][nb 18] |
559 | David Saint-Jacques | ![]() |
3 December 2018 | Soyuz MS-11 | [301] |
Anne McClain | ![]() | ||||
561 | Nick Hague | ![]() |
14 March 2019 | Soyuz MS-12 | [302][nb 4] |
Christina Koch | ![]() |
[302] | |||
563 | Andrew R. Morgan | ![]() |
20 July 2019 | Soyuz MS-13 | [303] |
564 | Jessica Meir | ![]() |
25 September 2019 | Soyuz MS-15 | [304] |
Hazza Al Mansouri | ![]() | ||||
566 | Ivan Vagner | ![]() |
9 April 2020 | Soyuz MS-16 | [305] |
567 | Sergey Kud-Sverchkov | ![]() |
14 October 2020 | Soyuz MS-17 | [306] |
568 | Victor Glover | ![]() |
15 November 2020 | SpaceX Crew-1 | [307] |
569 | Pyotr Dubrov | ![]() |
9 April 2021 | Soyuz MS-18 | [308] |
570 | Tang Hongbo | ![]() |
17 June 2021 | Shenzhou 12 | [309] |
571 | Jeff Bezos | ![]() |
20 July 2021 | Blue Origin NS-16 | [310] |
Wally Funk | ![]() | ||||
Oliver Daemen | ![]() | ||||
Mark Bezos | ![]() | ||||
575 | Jared Isaacman | ![]() |
15 September 2021 | Inspiration4 | [311] |
Sian Proctor | ![]() | ||||
Hayley Arceneaux | ![]() | ||||
Christopher Sembroski | ![]() | ||||
579 | Klim Shipenko | ![]() |
5 October 2021 | Soyuz MS-19 | [312] |
Yulia Peresild | ![]() | ||||
581 | Audrey Powers | ![]() |
13 October 2021 | Blue Origin NS-18 | [313] |
Chris Boshuizen | ![]() | ||||
Glen de Vries | ![]() | ||||
William Shatner | ![]() | ||||
585 | Ye Guangfu | ![]() |
15 October 2021 | Shenzhou 13 | [314] |
586 | Raja Chari | ![]() |
11 November 2021 | SpaceX Crew-3 | [315] |
Kayla Barron | ![]() | ||||
Matthias Maurer | ![]() | ||||
589 | Yusaku Maezawa | ![]() |
8 December 2021 | Soyuz MS-20 | [316] |
Yozo Hirano | ![]() | ||||
591 | Laura Shepard Churchley | ![]() |
11 December 2021 | Blue Origin NS-19 | [317] |
Michael Strahan | ![]() | ||||
Dylan Taylor | ![]() | ||||
Evan Dick | ![]() | ||||
Lane Bess | ![]() | ||||
Cameron Bess | ![]() | ||||
597 | Denis Matveev | ![]() |
18 March 2022 | Soyuz MS-21 | [318] |
Sergey Korsakov | ![]() | ||||
599 | Marty Allen | ![]() |
31 March 2022 | Blue Origin NS-20 | [319] |
Sharon Hagle | ![]() | ||||
Marc Hagle | ![]() | ||||
Jim Kitchen | ![]() | ||||
George Nield | ![]() | ||||
Gary Lai | ![]() | ||||
605 | Larry Connor | ![]() |
8 April 2022 | Axiom Mission 1 | [320] |
Mark Pathy | ![]() | ||||
Eytan Stibbe | ![]() | ||||
608 | Robert Hines | ![]() |
27 April 2022 | SpaceX Crew-4 | [321] |
Jessica Watkins | ![]() | ||||
610 | Katya Echazarreta | ![]() |
4 June 2022 | Blue Origin NS-21 | [322] |
Hamish Harding | ![]() | ||||
Victor Correa Hespanha | ![]() | ||||
Jaison Robinson | ![]() | ||||
Victor Vescovo | ![]() | ||||
615 | Cai Xuzhe | ![]() |
5 June 2022 | Shenzhou 14 | [323] |
616 | Coby Cotton | ![]() |
4 August 2022 | Blue Origin NS-22 | [324][nb 19] |
Mário Ferreira | ![]() | ||||
Vanessa O'Brien | ![]() | ||||
Clint Kelly III | ![]() | ||||
Sara Sabry | ![]() | ||||
Steve Young | ![]() | ||||
622 | Dmitry Petelin | ![]() |
21 September 2022 | Soyuz MS-22 | [325] |
Francisco Rubio | ![]() | ||||
624 | Nicole Aunapu Mann | ![]() |
5 October 2022 | SpaceX Crew-5 | [326] |
Josh A. Cassada | ![]() | ||||
Anna Kikina | ![]() | ||||
627 | Deng Qingming | ![]() |
29 November 2022 | Shenzhou 15 | [327] |
Zhang Lu | ![]() | ||||
629 | Warren Hoburg | ![]() |
2 March 2023 | SpaceX Crew-6 | [328] |
Sultan Al Neyadi | ![]() | ||||
Andrey Fedyaev | ![]() | ||||
632 | John Shoffner | ![]() |
21 May 2023 | Axiom Mission 2 | [329] |
Ali AlQarni | ![]() | ||||
Rayyanah Barnawi | ![]() | ||||
635 | Zhu Yangzhu | ![]() |
30 May 2023 | Shenzhou 16 | [330] |
Gui Haichao | ![]() | ||||
637 | Jasmin Moghbeli | ![]() |
26 August 2023 | SpaceX Crew-7 | [331][332] |
Konstantin Borisov | ![]() | ||||
639 | Nikolai Chub | ![]() |
15 September 2023 | Soyuz MS-24 | [333] |
Loral O'Hara | ![]() | ||||
641 | Tang Shengjie | ![]() |
26 October 2023 | Shenzhou 17 | [334] |
Jiang Xinlin | ![]() | ||||
643 | Alper Gezeravcı | ![]() |
18 January 2024 | Axiom Mission 3 | [335] |
Walter Villadei | ![]() | ||||
Marcus Wandt | ![]() | ||||
646 | Matthew Dominick | ![]() |
4 March 2024 | SpaceX Crew-8 | [336] |
Jeanette Epps | ![]() | ||||
Alexander Grebenkin | ![]() | ||||
649 | Marina Vasilevskaya | ![]() |
23 March 2024 | Soyuz MS-25 | [337] |
650 | Li Cong | ![]() |
25 April 2024 | Shenzhou 18 | [338] |
Li Guangsu | ![]() | ||||
652 | Mason Angel | ![]() |
19 May 2024 | Blue Origin NS-25 | [339] |
Sylvain Chiron | ![]() | ||||
Ed Dwight | ![]() | ||||
Kenneth Hess | ![]() | ||||
Carol Schaller | ![]() | ||||
Gopichand Thotakura | ![]() | ||||
658 | Nicolina Elrick | ![]() ![]() |
29 August 2024 | Blue Origin NS-26 | [340] |
Eugene Grin | ![]() | ||||
Rob Ferl | ![]() | ||||
Eiman Jahangir | ![]() ![]() | ||||
Karsen Kitchen | ![]() | ||||
Ephraim Rabin | ![]() ![]() |
See also
[edit]- Human spaceflight
- List of astronauts by name
- List of astronauts by nationality
- List of fully civilian crewed suborbital spaceflights
- List of fully civilian crewed orbital spaceflights
- List of space travelers by name
- Spaceflight records
- Timeline of space travel by nationality
Notes
[edit]- ^ a b Fatalities which occurred during training or testing are not included in this list, but can be found in the list of spaceflight-related accidents and incidents.
- ^ i.e. In a class of vehicle that had already been flight-proven above 100 km (62 mi), for most of its launches.
- ^ In cases where the first space traveller from a particular country flew on a sub-orbital flight, that flight is also linked in italics.
- ^ a b Most space travellers have a single entry in the table dated on the launch of their first spaceflight or attempt thereof. The only exception is when a traveller successfully crossed 100 km (62 mi) for the first time after a failed attempt.
- ^ The distance of Gagarin's spaceflight exceeded the circumference of the Earth and the total duration of the flight exceeded its orbital period. Due to the rotation of the Earth, Gagarin nevertheless landed west of the Vostok 1 launch site after completing a single orbit.
- ^ Under Fédération Aéronautique Internationale rules, the Vostok missions are not deemed completed spaceflights, as cosmonauts did not land with the spacecraft (they ejected from the spacecraft and landed separately). The first Soviet mission that did fulfill this requirement was Voskhod 1.[3] However, despite this issue, the FAI does recognize Yuri Gagarin as the first person to perform a spaceflight.[4]
- ^ Vladimir Komarov died during Soyuz 1.
- ^ a b Soyuz 11 capsule depressurised in orbit.
- ^ a b c d e f g See the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster.
- ^ Lodewijk van den Berg was a naturalised United States citizen at the time of his flight, having been born in the Netherlands.
- ^ Franklin Chang Díaz is a dual national of the United States and Costa Rica, but flew under the United States flag.
- ^ a b Toktar Aubakirov returned to Earth prior to the dissolution of the Soviet Union, upon which he became a Kazakh citizen.
- ^ Michael Foale is a dual national of the United States and the United Kingdom, but flew under the United States flag.
- ^ a b c d See the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster.
- ^ Piers Sellers was a dual national of the United States and United Kingdom, but flew under the United States flag.
- ^ Anousheh Ansari is a dual national of the United States and Iran, but flew under the United States flag.
- ^ Nicholas Patrick is a dual national of the United States and United Kingdom, but flew under the United States flag.
- ^ Soyuz MS-10 booster failed several minutes after launch, and achieved sub-orbital spaceflight only according to the United States definition of 80 km (50 mi). The flight reached an altitude of 93 km (58 mi), not high enough to meet the official FAI criterion of 100 km (62 mi). The crew landed safely.[300]
- ^ Vanessa O'Brien is a dual national of the United States and the United Kingdom, but flew under the United Kingdom flag.
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