Jump to content

Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research

Coordinates: 33°49′05″N 106°39′33″W / 33.8181°N 106.6592°W / 33.8181; -106.6592
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from LINEAR)
Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research
Alternative namesLINEAR
Coordinates33°49′05″N 106°39′33″W / 33.8181°N 106.6592°W / 33.8181; -106.6592 Edit this at Wikidata
Observatory code704
Websitewww.ll.mit.edu/impact/watch-potentially-hazardous-asteroids
[edit on Wikidata]
Number of NEOs detected by various projects:
  LINEAR
  NEAT
  Spacewatch
  LONEOS 		  CSS
  Pan-STARRS
  NEOWISE
  All others

The Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR) project is a collaboration of the United States Air Force, NASA, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Lincoln Laboratory for the systematic detection and tracking of near-Earth objects. LINEAR was responsible for the majority of asteroid discoveries from 1998 until it was overtaken by the Catalina Sky Survey in 2005.[1] As of 15 September 2011, LINEAR had detected 231,082 new small Solar System bodies, of which at least 2,423 were near-Earth asteroids and 279 were comets.[2] The instruments used by the LINEAR program are located at Lincoln Laboratory's Experimental Test Site (ETS) on the White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) near Socorro, New Mexico.

History

[edit]

In the late 1970s, the Lincoln Laboratory's Experimental Test Site facility (observatory code 704) was built at White Sands Missile Range.[3][4] The project's prototype used low-light video cameras.[5] In 1994 a new proposal was made for automated detection of asteroids, this time using newer digital detector technology.[6] The LINEAR project began operating a near-Earth object discovery facility in 1996 using a 1.0 m (39 in) aperture telescope designed for the Air Force Space Command's Ground-based Electro-Optical Deep Space Surveillance (GEODSS). The wide-field Air Force telescopes were designed for optical observation of Earth-orbiting spacecraft. Initial field tests used a 1024 × 1024 pixel charge-coupled device (CCD) detector. While this CCD detector filled only about one fifth of the telescope's field of view, four near-earth objects were discovered. A 1960 × 2560 pixel CCD which covered the telescope's two-square degree field of view was then installed, and both detectors were used in later tests.[7]

The first LINEAR telescope became fully operational in March 1998.[8] Beginning in October 1999, a second 1.0 m telescope was added to the search effort.[9] In 2002, a 0.5 m (20 in) telescope equipped with the original CCD was brought on-line to provide follow-up observations for the discoveries made by the two search telescopes.[10] This allowed about 20% more of the sky to be searched each night. Data recorded by the telescopes is sent to a Lincoln Laboratory facility at Hanscom Air Force Base in Lexington, Massachusetts for processing. Detections are then forwarded to the Minor Planet Center.[2]

Discoveries

[edit]
See also: Category:Discoveries by LINEAR
Minor planets discovered: 147,707 [11]
see List of minor planets § Main index

In addition to discovering more than 140,000 minor planets, LINEAR is also credited with the discovery, or co-discovery, or rediscovery of several periodic comets, including 11P/Tempel–Swift–LINEAR, 158P/Kowal-LINEAR, 160P/LINEAR (LINEAR 43), 165P/LINEAR (LINEAR 10), and 176P/LINEAR (LINEAR 52, 118401 LINEAR: one of only five objects classified both as comets and asteroids). Other objects discovered include

[[(137108) 1999 AN10|(137108) 1999 AN 10]]

,

[[(179806) 2002 TD66|(179806) 2002 TD 66]]

, and 2004 FH. One of LINEAR's discoveries

[[(231937) 2001 FO32|(231937) 2001 FO

32]] passed near the Earth on 21 March, 2021[12]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "NEO Discovery Statistics". NASA Near Earth Object Program. Archived from the original on 2004-05-13. Retrieved 2012-01-19.
  2. ^ a b "MIT Lincoln Laboratory: LINEAR". MIT Lincoln Laboratory. Archived from the original on 2017-07-24. Retrieved 2012-01-19.
  3. ^ Beatty, D. E.; Sorvari, J. M.; Taff, L. G. (1980). "Artificial satellites, minor planets, and the ETS". NASA Sti/Recon Technical Report N. 81: 12143. Bibcode:1980STIN...8112143B.
  4. ^ "LINEAR – Experimental Test Site". Lincoln Laboratory, MIT. Archived from the original on 26 June 2017. Retrieved 3 November 2016.
  5. ^ Taff, L. G. (1981). "A new asteroid observation and search technique". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 93: 658. Bibcode:1981PASP...93..658T. doi:10.1086/130905.
  6. ^ Tennyson, Peter D.; Rork, Eugene W.; Kostishack, Daniel F. (1994). "Applying electro-optical space surveillance technology to the detection of near-Earth asteroids". Proceedings of SPIE. Instrumentation in Astronomy VIII. 2198: 1286. Bibcode:1994SPIE.2198.1286T. doi:10.1117/12.176813. S2CID 129557577.
  7. ^ "Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR)". NASA Near Earth Object Program. Archived from the original on 2004-01-14. Retrieved 2012-01-19.
  8. ^ Stokes, G. H.; Viggh, H. E. M.; Shelly, F. L.; Blythe, M. S.; Stuart, J. S. (1998). "Results from the Lincoln Near Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR) Project". American Astronomical Society. 30: 1042. Bibcode:1998DPS....30.1607S.
  9. ^ Elowitz, R. M.; Stokes, G. H.; Bezpalko, M.; Blythe, M. S.; Evans, J. B.; Pearce, E. C.; Sayer, R. W.; Shelly, F. C.; Viggh, H. E. M. (1999). "A Progress Report on the Lincoln Near Earth Asteroid Research Project". American Astronomical Society. 195: 1531. Bibcode:1999AAS...19510801E.
  10. ^ Stokes, G. H.; Evans, J. B.; Shelly, F. C. (2002). "LINEAR Search and Operations Experience". American Astronomical Society. 201: 1315. Bibcode:2002AAS...20113003S.
  11. ^ "Minor Planet Discoverers (by number)". Minor Planet Center. 12 January 2017. Retrieved 2 February 2017.
  12. ^ February 2021, Patrick Pester-Staff Writer 22 (22 February 2021). "Asteroid the size of the Golden Gate Bridge will whiz past Earth in March". Space.com. Retrieved 2 March 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lincoln_Near-Earth_Asteroid_Research&oldid=1199300286"